Search results for " Gas chromatography"

showing 10 items of 37 documents

Chemical Composition of Herbal Macerates and Corresponding Commercial Essential Oils and Their Effect on Bacteria Escherichia coli

2017

This study addresses the chemical composition of some commercial essential oils (clove, juniper, oregano, and marjoram oils), as well as appropriate herbal extracts obtained in the process of cold maceration and their biological activity against selected Escherichia coli strains: E. coli ATTC 25922, E. coli ATTC 10536, and E. coli 127 isolated from poultry waste. On the basis of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis, it was found that the commercial essential oils revealed considerable differences in terms of the composition and diversity of terpenes, terpenoids and sesquiterpenes as compared with the extracts obtained from plant material. The commercial clove, oregano, a…

0301 basic medicinePharmaceutical ScienceMicrobial Sensitivity Tests010402 general chemistrymedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441Terpene03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryDrug DiscoverymedicineMaceration (wine)Escherichia coliOils VolatileCarvacrolFood sciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEscherichia coliThymolessential oilsLimoneneChromatographyPlant ExtractsOrganic ChemistryTerpenoidgas chromatography-mass spectrometry0104 chemical sciences030104 developmental biologychemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Molecular MedicineGas chromatography–mass spectrometryessential oils; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; <i>Escherichia coli</i>Molecules : A Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
researchProduct

Effect of a co-substrate supply in a MBR treating shipboard slop: Analysis of hydrocarbon removal, biomass activity and membrane fouling tendency

2018

The paper reports the main results of an experiment carried out on a membrane bioreactor (MBR) plant designed for the treatment of shipboard slops. With a view of a co-treatment process of the slop with other wastewaters, sodium acetate, as external co-substrate, was supplied (high dosage – Period 1, low dosage – Period 2) to evaluate its effects on hydrocarbons removal. The MBR pilot plant enabled approximately 99% of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal during the entire experiment, confirming the robustness of the MBR technology for the treatment of slops. The chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis showed that the removal efficiency for each alkane was close to the value observed…

0301 basic medicinechemistry.chemical_classificationEnvironmental EngineeringSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleChemistryMembrane foulingBiomedical EngineeringBioengineeringBiomass kinetics Co-substrate Diesel fuel hydrocarbons Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry MBR010501 environmental sciencesBiodegradationMembrane bioreactorPulp and paper industry01 natural sciences03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound030104 developmental biologyActivated sludgeHydrocarbonPilot plantTotal petroleum hydrocarbonSodium acetate0105 earth and related environmental sciencesBiotechnologyBiochemical Engineering Journal
researchProduct

Metabolic signatures across the full spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

2022

Funder: European Commission

ALTtype 2 diabetes mellitusROC receiving operator characteristicaspartate aminotransferaseHSDLDL low-density lipoproteinUHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyROCHCCNon-alcoholic steatohepatitisGCPCANASHGastroenterology2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid; 3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acid; ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase; CE cholesterol ester; Cer ceramide; FFA free fatty acid; FLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progression; Fibrosis; GC gas chromatography; HCC hepatocellular carcinoma; HSD honest significant difference; LC lipid cluster; LDL low-density lipoprotein; LM lipid and metabolite; LMC lipid metabolite and clinical variable; LPC lysophosphatidylcholine; Lipidomics; Mass spectrometry; Metabolomics; NAFL non-alcoholic fatty liver; NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NAS NASH activity score; NASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network; NRR non-rejection rate; Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PC(O) ether PC; PC phosphatidylcholine; PCA principal component analysis; PE phosphatidylethanolamine; QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry; ROC receiving operator characteristic; SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis; SM sphingomyelin; T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; TG triacylglycerol; UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographySAFSAF steatosis activity and fibrosisLM lipid and metabolitehonest significant differenceHSD honest significant differenceTG triacylglycerolnon-rejection ratecholesterol esterPCPEGC gas chromatographyfree fatty acidFLIPNASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitisNIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkBIOMARKERST2DMPE phosphatidylethanolamineLDLlipidNAFLDFFA free fatty acid2-HBMetabolomicsNAFL non-alcoholic fatty liverLMCphosphatidylcholineScience & TechnologySM sphingomyelinGastroenterology & HepatologyMass spectrometryactivitynutritional and metabolic diseasesT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusACIDSreceiving operator characteristicdigestive system diseasesquadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryLC lipid clusterlow-density lipoproteinNAS2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acidNAS NASH activity scoreQTOFMSether PCNRRSCORING SYSTEMprincipal component analysisgas chromatographyLC2-hydroxybutanoic acidPROGRESSIONAST aspartate aminotransferaseLMPC phosphatidylcholinePC(O)MARKERSUHPLCsteatosisTOOLImmunology and AllergyINSULIN-RESISTANCECerSMFatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionhepatocellular carcinoma2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network NRR non-rejection rate Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis PC(O) ether PC PC phosphatidylcholine PCA principal component analysis PE phosphatidylethanolamine QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry ROC receiving operator characteristic SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis SM T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus TG triacylglycerol UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyCELPC3-HBNAFLnon-alcoholic fatty liverTGtriacylglycerolNRR non-rejection rateLife Sciences & BiomedicineNAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseFLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionalanine aminotransferasemetaboliteCer ceramideCE cholesterol estersphingomyelinlysophosphatidylcholineand fibrosisALT alanine aminotransferaseInternal MedicineceramideNational Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkAST3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acidQTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryPCA principal component analysisLPC lysophosphatidylcholineHepatologynon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseand clinical variablePC(O) ether PC3-hydroxybutanoic acidFibrosisNASH activity scoreNIDDK NASH-CRNlipid clusterlipid and metabolitephosphatidylethanolamineLipidomicsLMC lipid metabolite and clinical variableFFAHCC hepatocellular carcinomaJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology
researchProduct

Gas-liquid chromatographic analyses

1983

Abstract The gas chromatography of mixtures of n -alkyl acetates (CH 3 COOR, R = C 1 —C 8 ) and methyl esters of aliphatic n -carboxylic acids (R′COOCH 3 , R′ = C 1 —C 8 ) and certain of their monochlorinated derivatives has been studied on Carbowax 20M and SE-30 glass capillary columns under the same operating conditions. The separation of the isomeric monochlorinated esters was complete on Carbowax 20M, whereas on SE-30 the peaks of 6- and 7-chlorooctyl acetates and methyl (ω − 1)- and (ω − 2)-chlorooctanoates and -nonanoates partly overlapped. The complete separation of the mixtures could not be achieved, however, on Carbowax 20M, in spite of the use of various operating conditions. The …

Aqueous normal-phase chromatographyValeric acidCapillary actionChlorine atomLiquid phasechemistry.chemical_elementAlcoholBiochemistryIsothermal processAnalytical ChemistryHomologous serieschemistry.chemical_compoundChain (algebraic topology)Capillary columnChlorineOrganic chemistryMethyleneChlorine substituentQuartzAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationPrimary (chemistry)ChromatographyElutionChemistrySubstitution (logic)Organic ChemistryButanoic AcidsReversed-phase chromatographyGeneral MedicineCapillary gas chromatographyChromatographic separationAcyl chainembryonic structuresHalogenNitrocardiovascular systemPolarKovats retention indexGas chromatographyChromatography columnRetention timeGas liquid chromatographicJournal of Chromatography A
researchProduct

Characterization of Biodiesel from Vegetable Oil Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

2013

Biodiesel from vegetable oils has been analyzed and its suitability for internal combustion engines has been assessed. The Standard biofuel’s characteristics have been investigated. Gas chromatography (GC) tests were carried out to characterize the fatty acid behavior. It was found that the mass percentage of saturated fatty acids did not change substantially with time, while unsaturated fatty acids increased with time for both B100 and B30. An increase in density for B100 and B30 with time was noted. Biodiesel density was within the standardization. The calorific values of biodiesel and its blend increased with time. Higher heating value for B100 increased from 41 to 43 MJ/kg while B30 inc…

Biodiesel Gas chromatography Trans-esterification.Settore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleSettore ING-IND/10 - Fisica Tecnica Industriale
researchProduct

Determination of biogenic amines in meat by combined ion-exchange capillary gas chromatography

1984

Abstract A procedure is described for the determination of putrescine, cadaverine and histamine in meat. Crude perchloric acid extracts were pre-separated on a weakly acidic cation exchanger and the amines quantified by capillary gas chromatography. The diamines were analysed as trifluoroacetyl derivatives and histamine was converted into N α -trifluoroacetyl-N τ -ethoxycarbonylhistamine. The accuracy of the determination of diamines was examined by a precipitation pre-separation method and by mass fragmentometric quantification. The proposed procedure allows the sensitive, sufficiently precise and highly specific determination of putrescine and cadaverine in meat.

Biogenic AminesChromatography GasMeatSwineTetraphenylborateBiochemistryGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCadaverinePutrescineAnimalsChemical PrecipitationTrifluoroacetic AcidPerchloric acidCadaverineChromatographyIon exchangePrecipitation (chemistry)Organic ChemistryGeneral MedicineChromatography Ion ExchangeCapillary gas chromatographychemistryPutrescineHistamineHistamineJournal of Chromatography A
researchProduct

Identification and quantitation of trace amounts of barbiturates with glass capillary gas chromatography

1979

Pre-chromatographic reactions are no longer a necessary evil. Equipment such as the microrefluxer now allows reproducible 7-μl-reactions to be carried out in a short time. Thus multiple derivatisations can be used together with glass capillary GC for routine identifications. The method has been succesfully applied to barbiturates. Retention data of their methyl-, allyl- and benzyl-derivatives are given. Quantitative blood level determinations are briefly discussed.

Blood levelChromatographyTrace AmountsChemistryCapillary actionGeneral Chemical EngineeringGas chromatographyCapillary gas chromatographyJournal of High Resolution Chromatography
researchProduct

Gas—liquid chromatographic analyses

1984

Abstract The gas chromatography (GC) of n -alkyl acetates (CH 3 COOR), chloroacetates (CH 2 ClCOOR), dichloroacetates (CHCl 2 COOR) and trichloroacetates (CCl 3 COOR), where the alcohol chain length (R) varied between 1 and 8, and certain of their monochlorinated derivatives, 176 compounds altogether, has been studied on SE-30 and OV-351 glass capillary columns under the same operating conditions. The isomeric monochlorinated esters are eluted in direct order from the 1- chloro to the ω-chloro isomer, the separation of the isomers being complete on OV- 351. On SE-30, however, the peaks of the 6- and 7-chlorooctyl esters are partly overlapped. The separation of the mixtures of odd- and e…

Capillary actionAnalytical chemistryAlcoholFormyl groupAldehydeBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCapillary columnStraight chainpolycyclic compoundsStructural isomerOrganic chemistryMethyleneBenzoic acidchemistry.chemical_classificationPrimary (chemistry)General MedicineCapillary gas chromatographyBoiling pointChromatographic separationSalicylaldehydeNitrobenzoatesPolarlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Aliphatic compoundResolution (mass spectrometry)Polarity (physics)Carboxylic acidchemistry.chemical_elementBranching (polymer chemistry)Isothermal processTurn (biochemistry)ChlorinePhenolsQuartzAlkylTetradecaneChlorophenolDegree of unsaturationChromatographyGeminalElutionOrganic ChemistryChloroacetatesComplete resolutionReverse orderChain lengthchemistryChlorobenzeneFunctional groupNitroKovats retention indexNon polarGas chromatographyVicinalGas liquid chromatographicJournal of Chromatography A
researchProduct

An Investigation of the Seasonal Pattern of Mannitol Content in Deciduous and Evergreen Species of the Oleaceae Growing in Northern Sicily

2002

In several species of the Oleaceae, mannitol, already present at considerable levels, accumulates in response to stress. This family comprises both deciduous and evergreen species, and we investigated the role of mannitol in deciduous malacophyll and evergreen sclerophyll species growing under the same conditions in the field. The relationship between mannitol content and changes in rainfall or temperature was also studied. The mannitol content of leaves of Fraxinus ornus L., F. angustifolia Vahl., Olea europaea L. and Phillyrea media L. was determined by gas chromatography. Leaf samples were collected once a month for 1 year. In the two ash species, the seasonal pattern of mannitol content…

Chromatography GasAcclimatizationClimateOleaceaeRainPlant ScienceFraxinus angustifoliaFraxinusDisastersBotanyFraxinus ornus Fraxinus angustifolia Olea europaea Phillyrea media ash drought gas chromatography mannitol Oleaceae olive seasonal variation stressmedicineSettore BIO/04 - Fisiologia VegetaleMannitolSicilybiologyTemperatureOriginal ArticlesEvergreenPhillyreabiology.organism_classificationPlant LeavesDeciduousOleaOleaceaeMannitolSeasonsmedicine.drug
researchProduct

Glass capillary gas chromatography of chlorinated methyl acetates, propanoates and butanoates on Carbowax 20M and SE-30 columns

1982

The gas chromatography of all chlorinated methyl acetates, methyl propanoates and methyl mono- and dichlorobutanoates has been studied on Carbowax 20M and SE-30 glass capillary columns under various running conditions. The order of elution on a non-polar column was largely determined by the boiling point of esters, whereas on a polar column it was much influenced by the structure of compounds. Complete separation of the combined mixture of all 27 compounds could not be achieved, however, methyl 3,3-dichlorobutanoate was the only ester overlapped on both columns in spite of the various column temperatures used. The best separation of the mixture was on Carbowax 20M with a temperature program…

ChromatographyCapillary actionElutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryClinical BiochemistryAnalytical chemistryBiochemistryIsothermal processCapillary gas chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryBoiling pointPolarGas chromatographyChromatography columnChromatographia
researchProduct